OPGW is a type of cable used for overhead lines. Common overhead cables can only be used for the transmission of electricity. In the age of information technology, the request for data transmission, audio and video signals, etc. increases rapidly. By combining OPGW cables with power grid lines, the data transmission capacity of airlines is considerably improved.
Presentation of the OPGW cable
OPGW cable is different from other cables. It has two functions. The first is data transmission via internal optical fiber. The other function is oriented towards the traditional cable, which is used for grounding and protection of high voltage lines.
We can therefore say that OPGW is perfectly suitable for high voltage overhead lines.. It can play the role of optical fiber and protect the cable against lightning and short circuit. What's more, it can use the original line when deployed, which significantly improves network line utilization and reduces costs.
Composition and Structure of OPGW cable
The optical fiber being very fragile, it can easily break due to excessive bending when subjected to external forces. The OPGW cable therefore needs a reinforced protection of optical fiber in its structure. In general, a central tube and strands of wire are used as exterior protection.
The central tube structure places the optical fiber inside the steel tube. Multiple layers of aluminum wire are wrapped around the exterior to improve the mechanical strength and electrical properties of the cable. This structure provides stronger protection and more space for fiber movement.
As the fibers are all concentrated inside the central tube, a maximum of 48 fibers can be laid due to the limitations of the central tube structure.
If more optical fibers need to be laid, a decentralized tubular structure can be used. A decentralized tube structure can be used. This structure places optical fibers evenly in several steel tubes. The internal side uses steel wires to provide support. The outer side uses aluminum wires as metal conductors.
This structure can take a larger cross section and lay a greater number of optical fibers.
Factors to Consider When Selecting OPGW Cable
Electrical characteristics
OPGW cable have different properties depending on their size ; choose the one that suits your needs. For lines with low data transmission capacity, you can choose cables with fewer fiber cores. For projects with high data transmission requirements, it is preferable to opt for a cable with 96 drivers.
Special Requirements in Different Environments
OPGW cables are suitable for many scenarios. Certain particular environments require special attention. For example, areas prone to earthquakes, areas with a high risk of lightning and areas with harsh climates.
Earthquakes can cause quality changes and buried OPGW cables can rupture under the influence of external forces. Buried OPGW cables can break under the influence of external forces, which may also lead to loosening and damage of connecting parts. Cable performance will be affected. It is therefore advisable to choose an optical cable with good protection and stronger mechanical properties..
Lightning is a natural phenomenon with a voltage of several million volts, which must be taken into account in areas with high lightning risk. Overhead lines are generally made of metallic materials, which easily form discharge channels. And since they are installed at high altitude, they are more likely to be struck by lightning.
After being struck by lightning, the fiber optic cable will pass a large amount of current which, if it exceeds the capacity of the cable, will damage the fiber optic cable. It is therefore necessary to choose cables of greater capacity and earthing in areas exposed to lightning.
Standards and Regulations
THE international standards define cable parameters and industry standards to ensure product safety and reliability. Standards recognized by different manufacturers in different regions may be different. It is necessary to choose cabling products that meet local standards according to needs.
Common international standards for OPGW cables are IEC 60794, THAT'S G .652, IEEE1138, and it is recommended to refer to these standards when purchasing.
Bout
Budget and cost are also important factors. Choose the most appropriate OPGW cable based on your specific economic situation. But you can choose a better quality product within your budget.
Advantages and Disadvantages of OPGW Cable
Benefits
The most obvious advantage of OPGW cable is its functionality : it conducts electricity and transmits data at the same time. But there are many other advantages.
Good resistance to electromagnetic interference ensures reliable signal transmission.
The main materials used are optical fiber, aluminum wire, Steel wire, etc. Easy to install and maintain.
Can be grounded. Can be used in place of an existing ground on an overhead line. No wiring modifications are necessary.
Disadvantages
The ability to transmit data and power results in higher manufacturing costs for OPGW cables than for conventional cables.
Due to aerial installation. Cable support must be fully considered when designing the line.
Conclusion
OPGW cable is an important part of the electrical system. It has data transmission and power transmission function. It is widely used in many projects, not only to improve the stability of the electrical system, but also to ensure the communication of information. When selecting OPGW cable. Communication skills should be taken into account, electrical characteristics, natural disasters and other factors.